Australia's total exports hit A$646.6 billion in FY2024-25. Iron ore made up 23% of merchandise exports, ranking first. Gold exports surged to become the second-largest commodity, surpassing liquefied natural gas (LNG).

China remained the top export destination, with A$188.7 billion representing 29% of total exports.

Australia's export structure underscores its resource-based economy's reliance on iron ore (23%) and China (29%). Gold overtaking LNG as the second-largest commodity reflects global safe-haven demand. For New Zealand SME owners, stable Australia-China trade benefits regional supply chains.

However, a recovery in Australian agricultural exports or an upgraded free trade agreement with China could intensify competition for New Zealand's dairy and meat exports. Meanwhile, the gold boom may attract more mining investment, creating opportunities for collaboration in gold exploration and mining services. It is advisable to monitor Chinese demand and commodity price trends and to position for differentiated markets early.

Keywords: Australia's export structure, iron ore, gold, China dependency, total exports, LNG, trade surplus

2024-25财年澳大利亚出口总额6,466亿澳元，铁矿石占商品出口23%居首，黄金出口崛起取代液化天然气成为第二大出口商品。中国以1,887亿澳元占出口29%，为最大出口目的地。

澳大利亚的出口结构显示其资源型经济仍高度依赖铁矿石（23%）和对华出口（29%），黄金超越液化天然气成为第二大商品，反映全球避险需求。对新西兰中小企业主而言，澳中贸易稳固有利于区域供应链，但澳大利亚农产品出口回暖或与中国自贸协定升级，可能相应加剧对新西兰乳、肉出口的竞争。同时，黄金热可能吸引更多矿业投资，新西兰在黄金勘探与矿业服务方面亦有合作空间。

建议关注中国需求和大宗商品价格走势，提前布局差异化市场。

关键词: 澳大利亚出口结构, 铁矿石, 黄金, 对华依赖, 出口总额, 液化天然气, 贸易顺差

AI illustration on MiDeer Observer

Source: Study Abroad Education